Which statement best describes monopolar coagulation mode?

Which statement best describes monopolar coagulation mode?

• A. It produces rapid surface heating with shallow necrosis (fulguration); intermittent high-voltage waveform; minimal cutting because heat is dispersed.
• B. It produces shallow surface heating with rapid necrosis (fulguration); intermittent waveform with high voltage; significant cutting is not typical because heat is dispersed.
• C. It relies on continuous energy delivery with low voltage to achieve coagulation.
• D. It uses a damped waveform that minimizes tissue heating.

Answer: (B)

Monopolar coagulation mode works by delivering energy in bursts of high voltage, so tissue heating occurs in a rapid, superficial way to cause coagulation and desiccation of vessels rather than slicing through tissue. The intermittent waveform heats the tissue enough to seal vessels, but because the energy is dispersed and not continuously aimed at cutting, there isn’t significant incision or deep cutting. So you get surface coagulation with shallow necrosis rather than a clean cut.

Monopolar coagulation mode works by delivering energy in bursts of high voltage, so tissue heating occurs in a rapid, superficial way to cause coagulation and desiccation of vessels rather than slicing through tissue. The intermittent waveform heats the tissue enough to seal vessels, but because the energy is dispersed and not continuously aimed at cutting, there isn’t significant incision or deep cutting. So you get surface coagulation with shallow necrosis rather than a clean cut.